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张乐华, 刘向平, 王凯红, 赵喜华, 王兆红, 李晓花. 不同因子对常绿杜鹃亚属种子萌发及成苗的影响[J]. 植物科学学报, 2007, 25(2): 178-184.
引用本文: 张乐华, 刘向平, 王凯红, 赵喜华, 王兆红, 李晓花. 不同因子对常绿杜鹃亚属种子萌发及成苗的影响[J]. 植物科学学报, 2007, 25(2): 178-184.
ZHANG Le-Hua, LIU Xiang-Ping, WANG Kai-Hong, ZHAO Xi-Hua, WANG Zhao-Hong, LI Xiao-Hua. Factors Influencing Seed Germination and Seedling Survival of Rhododendron Subgenus Hymenanthes[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2007, 25(2): 178-184.
Citation: ZHANG Le-Hua, LIU Xiang-Ping, WANG Kai-Hong, ZHAO Xi-Hua, WANG Zhao-Hong, LI Xiao-Hua. Factors Influencing Seed Germination and Seedling Survival of Rhododendron Subgenus Hymenanthes[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2007, 25(2): 178-184.

不同因子对常绿杜鹃亚属种子萌发及成苗的影响

Factors Influencing Seed Germination and Seedling Survival of Rhododendron Subgenus Hymenanthes

  • 摘要: 杜鹃属常绿杜鹃亚属多分布于中国西南高海拔地区,播种育苗为其有效的引种手段。试验表明:(1)环境温度、物种系统位置对萌发速度影响较大,平均气温20℃以下,温度越高萌发越快;材料较多的4个亚组以云锦杜鹃亚组萌发最快,银叶杜鹃亚组、露珠杜鹃亚组居中,长序杜鹃亚组最慢。(2)出苗、成苗率及幼苗生长与播种基质、物种产地、来源、系统位置等密切相关,出苗率以“腐殖土”基质为高,而成苗率及幼苗生长以“腐殖土+苔藓”基质为好;原产华东、华南、华中的种育苗效果总体优于西南种,日本、北美种好于欧洲种;经过驯化的种好于采自原产地的种,3个主要种源地育苗表现为:以本园的种子最佳、云南次之、德国最差;向东部演化的种育苗效果好于向西南演化的种。(3)庐山冷凉湿润的气候较适宜于本亚属杜鹃的播种育苗,苗期管理及猝倒病防治是其育苗成败关键。

     

    Abstract: Because most of the species of Rhododendron Subgenus Hymenanthes locate at high altitude in southwest of China,it is very difficult for us to collect and plant them.However,semination and seedling growth are used to solve this problem.Experiments indicate that:(1)Temperatures of environment and the systematic position of species have certain influence to the speed of seed germination.The germination speed is faster with the temperature rising when the average temperature is below 20℃.Among the four subsection of which we have ample materials for testing,subsect.Fortunea has the fastest germination speed,subsect.Pontica has the slowest germination speed,while subsect.Argyrophylla,subsect.Irrorata have the germination speed in between.(2)The rate of emergence and survival,the growth of young plant are closely correlated with the media of semination,the producing area,source and the systematic position.The medium for higher rate of emergence is humic soil,but the best medium for rate of survival and the growth of young plant are humic soil plus moss.In effect of seedling growth,the plants from east China,south China and central China are better than those from southwest China,and the plants from Japan and North American are prior to those from Europe.Domesticated plants are better than native ones.The species distributed in the east have better effects of seedling growth than those in southwest.(3)Because of the humid and cool environment at Lushan,it is suitable to propagation of Rhododendron Subgenus Hymenanthes and growth its seedlings there.The management during seedling growth,the prevention and cure of Rhizoctonia solani are critical to success of propagation.

     

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