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黄少甫, 赵治芬, 徐炳声. 油桐和木油树核型的研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 1985, 3(4): 419-422.
引用本文: 黄少甫, 赵治芬, 徐炳声. 油桐和木油树核型的研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 1985, 3(4): 419-422.
Huang Shaofu, Zhao Zhifen, Hsu Pingsheng. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE KARYOTYPES OF VERNICIA FORDII AND V. MONTANA[J]. Plant Science Journal, 1985, 3(4): 419-422.
Citation: Huang Shaofu, Zhao Zhifen, Hsu Pingsheng. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE KARYOTYPES OF VERNICIA FORDII AND V. MONTANA[J]. Plant Science Journal, 1985, 3(4): 419-422.

油桐和木油树核型的研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE KARYOTYPES OF VERNICIA FORDII AND V. MONTANA

  • 摘要: 油桐Vernicia fordii(Hemsl.)Airy-Shaw(Aleurites fordii Hemsl.)和木油树V. montana Lour.(A. montana(Lour.)Wils.)为大戟科油桐属Vernicia Lour. 植物,全世界共3种,上述两种为原产我国的重要木本油料植物,长江以南各省(区)广为栽培。细胞学方面,这两个种的染色体计数有过不少报道,均为n=11。本文旨在提供这两种植物核型比较分析的资料,以冀有助于它们选种育种工作。

     

    Abstract: Vernicia fordii(Hemsl.)Airy-Shaw(Aleurites fordii Hemsl.)and V. montana Lour.(A. montana(Lour.)Wils.)(Euphorbiaceae)are two Chinese important tung oil trees widely cultivated in the regions south of the Yangtse River. They are very similar to each other both in morphology and in anatomy. A comparative analysis of the karyotypes were carried out in order to shed some light on the phylogenetical relationship between the species in question. The number of chromosomes in growing tip cells of shoots of both species is found to be 22, consistent with the reports of Mehra, Bedi and al. and other authors. According to the terminology defined by Levan and al., the karyotype formulae are both 2n=22=22m. In the light of Stebbins' classification of karyotypic asymmetry, both karyotypes belong to "1A" type and should therefore be considered as very primitive ones. But there are a few minor yet notable differences between the two karyotypes:(1)the constant occurrence of a secondary constriction on each of the long arms of the 5th pair of chromosomes in V. fordii, but absent from V. montana;(2)the differential value of relative length of chromsome set of V. fordii(5.38)being 1.4 times as much as V. montana(4.71); and(3)the differential value of arm ratio of V. fordii(0.53)being 1.94 times as much as V. montana(0.18). These data show that the karyotype of V. fordii is to some extent less symmetrical than V. montana, and should therefore be considered as phylogenetically more advanced than the latter. Since plants of V. fordii have hitherto never been found in natural conditions, it is suggested that the species may probably be a derivative of V. montana over a long historical period of artificial selection and cultivation by ancient Chinese people.

     

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