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袁永明, 张志英. 秦岭的珍稀特有植物及其区系特征[J]. 植物科学学报, 1986, 4(4): 353-362.
引用本文: 袁永明, 张志英. 秦岭的珍稀特有植物及其区系特征[J]. 植物科学学报, 1986, 4(4): 353-362.
Yuan Yongming, Zhang Zhiying. THE PRECIOUS RARE AND ENDEMIC PLANTS IN QINLING MOUNTAINS AND THEIR FLORISTIC CHARACTERISTICS[J]. Plant Science Journal, 1986, 4(4): 353-362.
Citation: Yuan Yongming, Zhang Zhiying. THE PRECIOUS RARE AND ENDEMIC PLANTS IN QINLING MOUNTAINS AND THEIR FLORISTIC CHARACTERISTICS[J]. Plant Science Journal, 1986, 4(4): 353-362.

秦岭的珍稀特有植物及其区系特征

THE PRECIOUS RARE AND ENDEMIC PLANTS IN QINLING MOUNTAINS AND THEIR FLORISTIC CHARACTERISTICS

  • 摘要: 本文论迹了秦岭地区珍稀、特有植物的种类组成,历史成因,及其区系特征和与邻近地区植物的关系,并分析了它们的分布特点。1.秦岭是我国南北植物的分界线,有珍稀植物66种,特有植物169种。2.秦岭珍稀植物具有相对的古老性,它们与华中亚热带区系的历史渊源较深。而秦岭特有植物却具有相对的年青性,表现出明显的温带性特点和剧烈的分化作用,大部分为分化较晚的新特有种。3.秦岭地区地史上和现在的南北地质、气候条件的分异,决定了其珍稀植物的特点,也使其本身成为我国大多数亚热带珍稀植物分布的北界。而复杂的地形造成不同气候条件的交错和变化,及明显的新构造运动引起垂直气候带谱的变化,导致了秦岭植物的强烈变异和分化,以及大量新特有种的形成。4.秦岭珍稀植物具有多种区系成分,与邻近地区有着广泛的联系,尤其与川东-鄂西地区联系最为密切。我们认为从这里经大巴山东端到秦岭中部,再向西扩展,是秦岭与华中亚热带植物区系相互渗透的一条主要路线。

     

    Abstract: In the present paper, the species composition, historical cause of formation and floristic characteristics of precious rare and endemic plants in Qinliag mountains as well as the relationship between them and those in adjacent regions have been discussed.1. Qinling being a dividing line between south and north flora of China has 66 species of precious rare plants (PRP) and 169 species of endemic ones (EP).2. The PRP in Qinling have an ancient origin and close historical relationship with subtropical flora in Central China, but the EP in this region show obvious temperate nature and tremendous diversifications and most of them are recently formed neo-endemic species.3. The position of Qinling as the north limit of distribution of subtropical flora in China and the characteristics of PRP in the region were determined by the historical and present divergence of geological and climatic conditions between south and north of the mountains, and the complexity of different topographical and climatic conditions as well as the changes of vertical climatic zones caused by the neo-tectonic movement resulted in the tremendous variations of plants and the formation of many neo-endemic species in Qinling.4. The PRP in Qinling were composed of many floristic elements which have extensive relationship with adjacent regions, especially with East Sichuan-West Hubei (ES-WH) region where many endemic and relic plants of China concentratedly distributed. We suppose that there is a main migrating and dispersing route between the floras of Qinling and subtropical Central China from ES-WH region through east part of Daba mountains to the middle part of Qinling and then to its west part.

     

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