Abstract: Sichuan Province is famed as the cradle for many old,endemic and rare plants due to the little impact of glaciers during the Quaternary Period.Statistics based on the List of Rare and Endangered Plants in China (first issue) and the List of the Important Wild Plants for Conservation in China show that,in Sichuan Province,there exists 105 rare and endangered species,including 54 families and 83 genera,many of which are either quite antiquated or peculiar to Sichuan Province or oligotypic family,oligotypic or monotypic genera.Further more,most of these plants are highly valued in economics while some others are of great importance in phylogeny research.Therefore,aside from analysis of reasons in endangering plants in Sichuan Province,some strategies for protection are put forward,included are integration of conventional and remedial means,enhancement of publicity as well as research,and reducement of human damages.