Abstract: In order to study the endangered mechanism of the national secondary protection species Manglietia patungensis, which is endemic to China, its distribution and habitats were (investigated).The geographical distribution range of Manglietia patungensis is between 28°47′10″-(30°51′53″) N in latitude, 107°9′-110°38′9″ E in longitude and 374-1029 m in altitude. (Jianshan) Town, Xianfeng County, Hubei Province and Yangjia Village, Wudaoshui Town, Sangzhi County, Hunan Province are two newly recorded distribution localities. On the whole, Manglietia patungensis is distributed sparsely and narrowly in quite different habitats. Many a populations can not regenerate naturally and its wild resource decrease rapidly due to unreasonable exploitation by human and fragmentation of habitats. Based on the present distribution of Manglietia patungensis, the conservation strategy is put forth. We propose that priority should be given to protection and steps be taken for reasonable exploitation so as to obtain (sustainable) utility of its resource.