Abstract: After long-time drought,Racomitrium japonicum was rewatered at different time rates.The contents of free proline and soluble proteins and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were then determined.The results showed that,after rewatering of two days,all indexes in the droughty R.japonicum resumed to control level,but the extent of their change differed with rewatering time.Long-time drought induced the accumulation of soluble proteins in R.japonicum.The SOD activity and free proline showed a similar change in trend during the rewatering process,though they varied in both peak curve with rewatering time and resumption to control level.The POD activity in longtime droughty R.japonicumwas similar to the control.With increasing rewatering time,POD activity increased quickly to control level.These indexes shown that R.japonicum has a specific physiology mechanism for rewatering after drought,which is different from other plants.