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刘正位, 肖彬, 朱红莲, 匡晶, 季群, 彭静, 李峰, 孙亚林, 柯卫东. 中国野莲居群遗传多样性及群体结构分析[J]. 植物科学学报, 2021, 39(3): 278-287. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.30278
引用本文: 刘正位, 肖彬, 朱红莲, 匡晶, 季群, 彭静, 李峰, 孙亚林, 柯卫东. 中国野莲居群遗传多样性及群体结构分析[J]. 植物科学学报, 2021, 39(3): 278-287. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.30278
Liu Zheng-Wei, Xiao Bin, Zhu Hong-Lian, Kuang Jing, Ji Qun, Peng Jing, Li Feng, Sun Ya-Lin, Ke Wei-dong. Genetic diversity and population structure of wild lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) in China[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2021, 39(3): 278-287. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.30278
Citation: Liu Zheng-Wei, Xiao Bin, Zhu Hong-Lian, Kuang Jing, Ji Qun, Peng Jing, Li Feng, Sun Ya-Lin, Ke Wei-dong. Genetic diversity and population structure of wild lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) in China[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2021, 39(3): 278-287. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.30278

中国野莲居群遗传多样性及群体结构分析

Genetic diversity and population structure of wild lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) in China

  • 摘要: 以我国长江中下游地区和北方地区33个居群的195份野莲(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)为材料,基于SLAF简化基因组测序技术,对不同区域野莲居群的遗传多样性进行研究。结果显示:通过测序共得到742 992个SLAF标签,挖掘高质量SNP位点1 064 789个;供试材料基因型差异明显,主要可分为长江流域和东北区域2个亚群。研究结果支持长江流域野莲和东北区域野莲应分属为亚热带及温带生态型莲。我国野莲居群总多样性较低(π=1.04×10-5),居群间平均分化系数较高(F ST=0.42)。长江中下游地区不同湖泊野莲π值变幅为0.5×10-5~2.2×10-5,梁子湖野莲多样性最为丰富。梁子湖区域内各个小湖π值为3.13×10-6~2.3×10-5,表明小湖内不同居群仍存有较大遗传差异。北部地区不同湖泊野莲π值变幅为3.05×10-6~1.50×10-5,山东梁山古代莲多样性最为丰富。长江中下游地区野莲遗传多样性高于北部地区且两者间分化程度较高(F ST=0.34),表明野莲居群间和区域间均有较高的分化程度,原因可能是野莲居群内主要为克隆繁殖,而居群间基因交流少所致。

     

    Abstract: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is a special aquatic plant in China. However, habitat destruction by both natural factors and human activity have impacted many wild populations. Furthermore, the genetic diversity of these wild populations remains poorly understood. In this study, the genetic diversity and structure of wild lotus in China were evaluated based on 33 populations using 1 064 789 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci obtained by specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF). Cluster, principal coordinate, and STRUCTURE analyses revealed that the northeast China populations were genetically separated from those of the Yangtze River Basin. Thus, wild lotus from these two regions represented two ecotypes of N. nucifera. Low genetic diversity within each population (average π = 1.04×10-5) and a high degree of genetic differentiation among populations (average FST = 0.42) were found. For the Yangtze River Basin populations, π ranged from 0.KG-*35×10-5 to 2.2×10-5 among the various lakes. The Liangzi Lake area exhibited the highest diversity, with π ranging from 3.13×10-6 to 2.3×10-5 among the small lakes, indicating that lotus diversity was not evenly distributed. For populations in North China, π ranged from 3.05×10-6 to 1.50×10-5, with the Liangshan populations showing the highest diversity. Thus, higher genetic diversity was observed in the Yangtze River Basin populations than in the North China populations. The FST value from comparison was 0.34, indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation between the areas. Low genetic diversity within populations and high differentiation among populations could be attributed to clonal reproduction within populations and low genetic exchange among populations. Our results indicate that ex situ conservation should be supplemented with in situ preservation for wild lotus conservation.

     

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