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王艳萍, 李楚然, 罗艳, 李青青, 李璐, 王晓云. 中国9种石斛属植物的花药帽形态及其分类学意义初探[J]. 植物科学学报, 2021, 39(4): 367-378. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40367
引用本文: 王艳萍, 李楚然, 罗艳, 李青青, 李璐, 王晓云. 中国9种石斛属植物的花药帽形态及其分类学意义初探[J]. 植物科学学报, 2021, 39(4): 367-378. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40367
Wang Yan-Ping, Li Chu-Ran, Luo Yan, Li Qing-Qing, Li Lu, Wang Xiao-Yun. Preliminary study on morphology and taxonomic significance of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) from China[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2021, 39(4): 367-378. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40367
Citation: Wang Yan-Ping, Li Chu-Ran, Luo Yan, Li Qing-Qing, Li Lu, Wang Xiao-Yun. Preliminary study on morphology and taxonomic significance of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) from China[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2021, 39(4): 367-378. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40367

中国9种石斛属植物的花药帽形态及其分类学意义初探

Preliminary study on morphology and taxonomic significance of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) from China

  • 摘要: 利用解剖镜和扫描电镜,对我国9种石斛属(Dendrobium)植物的花药帽形态和超微特征进行观察。结果显示,花药帽的颜色、形态、大小和外壁纹饰特征在种间差异明显。9种植物的花药帽按颜色可分为:黄药帽、白药帽、紫药帽;按极轴和赤道轴比值可分为:长球形和半球形。扫描电镜观察结果发现,花药帽外壁纹饰有4种类型:扁平-光滑、扁平-条纹、乳突-条纹和乳突-光滑。本研究初步探讨了9种石斛花药帽形态的分类学意义,支持以下观点:(1)石斛组是一个多系和并系;(2)球花石斛(D.thyrsiflorum Rchb.F.)和密花石斛(D.densiflorum Lindl.ex Wall)是一对近缘种;(3)杯鞘石斛(D.gratiosissimum Rchb.F.)和大苞鞘石斛(D.wardianum Warner)是一对近缘种,且与喇叭唇石斛(D.lituiflorum Lindl.)亲缘关系较近。

     

    Abstract: Morphology and ultra-structure of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species from China were investigated using microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that color, size, shape, and ultra-structure of anther cap varied from species to species. There were three kinds of anther caps:yellow, white, and purple, which were corresponding with those of sepals and petals in each species. Anther cap shapes could be classified into prolate-type and hemisphere-type based on the ratio of the polar to the equatorial axis. SEM revealed four types of ornamental decoration on the outer wall of anther cap, namely, flat-smooth, flat-striated, papillae-striated and papillae-smooth. Morphological and ultra-structural characteristics of anther cap were significantly different in the nine investigated species. Some relationships were supported by comparative anther morphology. (1) Sect. Dendrobium was both paraphyletic and polyphyletic. (2) D. thyrsiflorum Rchb., was closely related to D. densiflorum Lindl. ex Wall. (3) D. gratiosissimum Rchb. F and D. wardinaum Warner were part of the same sister group, which formed a main clade (G4,Pendulum group) with D. lituiflorum Lindl. in Sect. Dendrobium.

     

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