Abstract: The chromosome number (2ⁿ=38) of 10 species in Dendrobium from China are recorded in the present paper. Their chromosomes are all microchromosomes (1—3.7μm). Among which the chromosome numbers of 6 species (D. crepidatum Lindl et Paxt;D. denneanum Kerr;D. lohohense Tang et Wang;D. moniliforme (L.) Sw.;D. nobile Lindl and D. hercoglossum Rchb. f.) had been reported on the chromosome numbers, 4 species (D. crispulum kimura et Migo;D. fimbriatum Hook;D. jenkinsii wall et Lindl;D. officinale Kimura et Migo) are reported for the first time.