Research progress on crop lodging resistance-related traits and mechanism of signal transduction

Lodging is an important limiting factor that affects the selection and industrialization of crop varieties. It can significantly reduce the yield and quality of crop grains and stalks, and increase the risk of pests and diseases, resulting in poorer mechanized harvesting and lower economic benefits. Plant height, stalk strength, stalk wall thickness, tillers, and tiller angle are all associated with lodging resistance of crop stalks. Lodging is mainly divided into root lodging and stem lodging. Stem lodging is primarily related to stalk characteristics, especially plant height and tillers, which are controlled by gibberellin signal transduction and strigolactone signal transduction respectively; root traits are regulated by hormone signaling pathways such as auxin, ethylene, and cytokinin. In this paper, we summarized the relationships among morphological characteristics and lodging resistance and signal transduction pathways to provide a theoretical reference for the genetic improvement of lodging resistance.